№ 2 (54)

Purpose: improving the quality of text document analysis through the use of machine learning and intellectual analysis models in summarizing and topic modeling tasks, which will reduce the load on an expert who analyzes and generalizes significant volumes of semi-structured text data on information security topics from various sources.
Methods: machine learning methods were used for the operational processing and analysis of large volumes of heterogeneous ill-structured information in natural language (NL). Methods of thematic modeling and summarization of texts based on deep neural networks, including neural network language models based on the architecture of transformers, are applied. Practical relevance: the main stages of the machine procedure of thematic modeling and summarization of professional texts in the field of information security are highlighted. The results of a comparative evaluation of the effectiveness of using clustering models, latent semantic analysis, Fast Text, Text Rank language models and BERT transformers for these purposes are presented. Recommendations are given regarding the prospects for the practical application of these models as a means of intellectual support for the professional activities of cybersecurity specialists. Scientific novelty: a complex of machine learning models for thematic modeling and summarization of professional texts is proposed, based on neural network models of attachments and transformer models, characterized by an algorithm for preparing a corpus of texts for training models and the use of a learning transfer algorithm, which will increase the efficiency of analysis and generalization of domain-specific corpora of texts.
Keywords: Text Mining, vector word embedding, transformer, text clustering, summarization, information security, cybersecurity.

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The purpose of the research is to develop the concept of systematization of the knowledge base and solving problems of information cybersecurity of systems and when making search decisions based on the construction of a structured semantic content model of terms of a scientific and theoretical nature describing complex active systems.Research methods: statistical analysis, hypothesis testing methods, machine learning methods, reliability models, evaluation type models used in testing reliability indicators, parameters of behavioral systems.The result obtained: The result obtained: experimental results of the application of reliability evaluation models and consent criteria to different sizes of knowledge bases are discussed and the evaluation of the results of measuring the reliability index on these components, taking into account the failure rate, is given. The description of generalized algorithms for the functioning of evaluation and forecasting components, as well as their applicability to solving problems in the field of information security, is given. A general model of a spatial network is proposed, within the framework of which the subject carries out risk management by effectively, in one sense or another, distributing the homogeneous resource at his disposal between its nodes. For the implementation of decision-making, more optimistic criteria than the minimax criterion are recommended.Scientific novelty: consists in the development of mathematical models to maintain the logical and physical integrity of the knowledge bases of cybersystems using the desirability function and consent criteria. The basic requirements for ensuring reliable behavior and operability of an information system using oriented databases are highlighted and described. It is postulated that the best information system reliability is achieved through the use of automated monitoring systems using knowledge bases for continuous monitoring and periodic analysis of cybersystem objects with tracking the dynamics of changes in the event space.
Keywords: statistics, information systems, reliability, mathematical model, algorithm, desirability, hypothesis.

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The purpose of the work is to develop a method for monitoring and restoring the integrity of information in secure multidimensional data storage systems that ensures the stability of the systems under consideration under the destructive influences of an intruder and disturbances in the operating environment.Research method: in the course of the research, the scientific and methodological apparatus of the theory of algebraic systems was used in conjunction with the methods of cryptographic information protection and the mathematical apparatus of coding theory to implement the procedures of crypto-code transformations. Models of reliable data storage systems were studied to justify the feasibility of procedures for ensuring the confirmed integrity of the processed information.Results of the study: a method for formalized representation of information in secure multidimensional data storage systems used in the interests of information and analytical systems, which makes it possible to visually describe the developed structures for monitoring and restoring data integrity under the destructive influences of an intruder and disturbances in the operating environment. A mathematical model of the process of monitoring and restoring data integrity based on crypto-code transformations based on the aggregation of cryptographic methods and methods of error-correcting coding is presented. Combining well-known classical solutions to ensure data integrity will reduce the introduced redundancy, as well as expand the functionality of secure information and analytical systems, which consists in confirming the reliability of restoring the integrity of distorted or lost data without additional costs of their repeated control by cryptographic methods. The proposed model takes into account the structure of multidimensional representation of information in the considered data storage systems of information and analytical systems.Scientific novelty: the developed method of parametric synthesis of crypto-code structures for monitoring and restoring the integrity of information in secure multidimensional data storage systems differs from the known ones by obtaining optimal crypto-code structures due to the rational aggregation of cryptographic and code transformations in the parameter space of the considered data storage systems. Crypto-code structures formed on the basis of building multidimensional hash codes and performing transformations in extended Galois fields provide cryptographic control and restoration of information integrity with the possibility of flexible introduction of redundancy and confirmation with cryptographic reliability of information integrity after the restoration procedure.
Keywords:  information-analytical systems, Big Data, multidimensional data representation, verified integrity,
cryptographic methods, hash function, error-correcting coding, crypto-code constructions, emergence.

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Purpose of work is the reduction in the size of the public key of public-key algorithms of multivariate cryptography based on the computational difficulty of solving systems of many power equations with many unknowns.Research method is use of non-linear mappings defined as exponentiation operations in finite extended fields GF(qm) represented in the form of finite algebras. The latter makes it possible to perform the exponentiation operation in the field GF(qm) by calculating the values of power polynomials over the field GF(q), which define a hardly reversible nonlinear mapping of the vector space over GF(q) with a secret trapdoor. Due to the use of nonlinear mappings of this type, it is possible to specify a public key in multidimensional cryptography algorithms in the form of a nonlinear mapping implemented as a calculation of the values of a set of polynomials of the third and sixth degree. At the same time, due to the use of masking linear mappings that do not lead to an increase in the number of terms in polynomials, the size of the public key is reduced in comparison with known analogue algorithms, in which the public key is represented by a set of polynomials of the second and third degrees. The proposed approach potentially expands the areas of practical application of post-quantum algorithms for public encryption and electronic digital signature, related to multidimensional cryptography, by significantly reducing the size of the public key.Results of the study are the main provisions of a new approach to the development of algorithms of multidimensional cryptography are formulated. Hardly invertible nonlinear mappings with a secret trapdoor are proposed in the form of exponentiation operations to the second and third powers in finite extended fields GF(qm), represented in a form of a finite algebra. A rationale is given for specifying a public key in a form that includes a superposition of two non-linear mappings performed as a calculation of a set of second and third degree polynomials defined over GF(q). Techniques for implementing mappings of this type are proposed and specific options for specifying the fields GF(qm) in the form of finite algebras are considered. An estimate of the size of the public key in the algorithms developed within the framework of the new approach is made. at a given security level.. Practical relevance includes the developed main provisions of a new method for constructing multidimensional cryptography algorithms based on the computational difficulty of solving systems of many power equations with many unknowns and related to post-quantum cryptoschemes. The proposed approach expands the areas of practical application of post-quantum algorithms of this type by significantly reducing the size of the public key, whichprovides the prerequisites for improving performance and reducing technical resources for their implementation.
Keywords: finite fields; polynomials; mapping; non-linear mappings; computationally difficult problem; multivariate cryptography; public encryption; digital signature; post-quantum cryptography.

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Purpose of the article: development of new methods, algorithms and models to detect unauthorized actions of an intruder/s in relation to broadcast data represented in the form of one-photon pure states of light particles, which will allow: to strengthen the secrecy of basic security keys, improve procedures for data exchange and processing by legitimate users of the telecommunications system, expand the functionality of existing technological solutions in their classic representation.Research method: system analysis, information security assessment method.The result: risks of critical system errors for procedures of basic states measurement results matching and supposed potential possibilities of attacker to realize vulnerabilities through active phase of attacks with explicit critical outcome are presented. It is established that translation of mixed single-photon states and imposition on receiving hardware is explicitly uncontrolled, unaccountable and not contained in any algorithm of quantum protocols, which, according to the authors, is the most critical vulnerability of modern cryptographic systems based on quantum mechanics. A way to solve problems of “silent” scanning and to counteract hidden active attacks on quantum channel and particle states is proposed. The essence of the solution consists in non-orthogonality of states of a random basis vector and duplication of a main communication channel containing an information path on pulse signals broadcasting, where a known number of synchro-sentences in a backup line allows to trace an attacker. Fundamental is the knowledge of the primary-natural errors occurring at each of the stages of the formation of the main security key.
Keywords: system errors, BB84 protocol (4 + 2), single-photon systems, optical devices, telecommunication systems, attacker, data transfer protocol.

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The purpose of the article: analysis of the problem of ensuring timely authorized access to the resources of the electronic information and educational environment of universities of federal executive authorities and identification of possible directions for its solution.Research methods: system analysis of the problem of ensuring access of officials of universities of federal executive authorities to the resources of the electronic information and educational environment.The result obtained: approaches to improving the existing access control model, optimizing the role-based access scheme and determining unauthorized access attempts based on machine learning methods are proposed.Scope of the proposed approach: access control system of the electronic information and educational environment of universities of federal executive authorities.Scientific novelty: consists in a comprehensive analysis of the problem of creating and functioning of the electronic information and educational environment of universities of federal executive authorities, during which the structure of this environment is determined and its characteristic features are highlighted. Based on the analysis of information security threats in the electronic information and educational environment, the necessity of creating an access control system to its resources, which provides timely authorized access, is substantiated. The proposed approaches to improving the access control system affect not only the improvement of the existing access model by supplementing it with solutions available in the attribute-based access model, but also the optimization of the role-based access scheme using the developed genetic algorithm and the detection of unauthorized access attempts associated with overcoming access rules, based on application of machine learning methods. Experimental results are presented that confirm the effectiveness of the proposed approaches.Contribution: Igor Kotenko - analysis of the state of the art in the creation and application of the electronic information and educational environment of universities of federal executive authorities, setting the task and developing proposals for developing the functionality of the access control system, development of approaches to genetic optimization of the access scheme and detection of unauthorized access attempts using machine learning methods; Igor Saenko - development of approaches to improving the access control system related to the use of an attribute-based access model, genetic optimization of the access scheme and detection of unauthorized access attempts using machine learning methods; Roman Zakharchenko - analysis of technical solutions that ensure the implementation of the access control system to the resources of the electronic information and educational environment of universities of federal executive authorities, Alexander Kapustin - analysis of security threats and access control models to resources of the electronic information and educational environment of universities of federal executive authorities, Mazen Al-Barri - development and experimental study of an approach to detect attempts of unauthorized access to the resources of the electronic information and educational environment of universities of federal executive authorities, based on the use of machine learning methods.
Keywords:  cybersecurity, electronic information and educational environment, access control model, mandatory access control, role-based access control, genetic algorithm, machine learning.

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Purpose of work is to increase the level of security of subjects of critical information infrastructure through the use of a “dual” regime to implement a full cycle of ensuring the security of critical information infrastructure facilities - a full national regime and a combined regime.Research method: to achieve the purpose of the work, methods of analysis, comparison, generalization, structural decomposition from the theory of system analysis, determination of criteria for monitoring the level of information security of CII objects were used.Research result: the paper presents a detailed analysis and comparison of existing concepts for controlling the level of information security used to obtain a certain level of security. A method for monitoring the level of information security of CII objects is proposed.The scientific novelty lies in the development of a methodology for monitoring the level of information security of CII objects, using an information security audit model for CII objects, which in turn uses the possibility of a “dual mode” for a full cycle of ensuring the security of CII objects - full national and combined modes, allowing, if necessary, to include additional functional blocks.
Keywords: security measures, vulnerabilities, standard, risk, audit, information security, penetration testing.

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The purpose of research is to develop the technique of analytical processing of big data of services and applications in the new generation communication networks to detect cybersecurity incidents and build sustainable protection systems based on adversarial machine learning.The methods of research: Analysis of modern methods of machine learning and neural network technologies, synthesis and formalization of algorithms for adversarial attacks on machine learning models.Scientific novelty: a technique for analytical processing of emulated data of services and applications for detecting cybersecurity incidents is presented, which provides a groundwork in the field of research into the security issues of complex intelligent services and applications in the infrastructure of wireless networks of the next generation.The result of research: The article proposes a technique of building a sustainable protection system against adversarial attacks in wireless ad hoc networks of the next generation. The main types of adversarial attacks, including poisoning attacks and evasion attacks, are formalized, and methods for generating adversarial examples on tabular, textual, and visual data are described. Several scenarios were generated and exploratory analysis of datasets was carried out using the DeepMIMO emulator. Potential application problems of binary classification and prediction of signal attenuation between a user and a base station for adversarial attacks are presented. The algorithmization of the processes of building and training a sustainable protection system against adversarial attacks in wireless networks of the next generation is presented on the example of emulated data.
Keywords: adversarial attacks, wireless ad hoc networks, machine learning, MIMO.

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The goal of the study creation of a protection model against cyberattacks on information and telecommunication resources used in practice Internet voice exchange services (VoIP).Research methods: analysis of Best Practices and scientific publications, system analysis, criterion comparison.
Result: systematization of the cyberattacks main methods on VoIP and methods of protection against them, based on existing Best Practices and scientific publications. The investigation methodological scheme presented in a schematic form, is described. As a result, a list of 8 specialized and 9 main methods of cyberattacks, as well as 4 specialized and 10 main methods of protection was obtained, which made it possible to create a protection generalized model against cyberattacks on VoIP. The model representation in tabular form consists of 17 rows and 14 columns, which corresponds to the number of all cyberattack methods and protection methods. The cells of the table contain expertly obtained values of the effectiveness of counteracting cyberattacks by each of the protection methods according to a 3-point system. The model is extended with additional integral indicators of the danger of cyberattacks and the effectiveness of protection obtained analytically. 3 cyberattacks least amenable to protection and 3 most effective protection methods were identified. The scientific novelty consists in bringing together the whole set of cyberattacks methods on VoIP and protection against them methods into a single system that characterizes the effectiveness of countering.
Keywords: VoIP, cyberattack method, protection method, protection model, categorical division

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