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The purpose of the article: conducting a system analysis of the requirements for the subsystem for preventing computer attacks on critical information infrastructure in order to substantiate the directions for further improved scientific and methodological apparatus for the full functioning of the subsystem for preventing computer attacks. Research method: theoretical and systematic analysis of the requirements of legal acts, scientific publications, protection technologies and means of their implementation in departmental systems for detecting and counteringcomputer attacks.The result obtained: the rationale for the need to build mechanisms for preventing computer attacks on critical information infrastructure objects and the requirements for the subsystem for preventing computer attacks was carried out, an approach was proposed to prevent computer attacks at the stages of reconnaissance by an attacker of critical information infrastructure objects, based on the introduction of a security event correlation mechanism with automatic adaptation to the analyzed information infrastructure and the functions it performs at the current time and a detailed specification of the correlation rules.Scope of the proposed approach: a subsystem for preventing computer attacks of departmental systems for detecting and countering computer attacks, which should identify and prevent attempts to conduct computer attacks on critical information infrastructure objects in advance.The scientific novelty consists in a comprehensive analysis of the need to build mechanisms for preventing computer attacks on critical information infrastructure objects, an analysis of the requirements for the computer attack prevention subsystem, its functions and means of implementation. It is shown that the functions of preventing computer attacks in domestic technical solutions are not fully implemented, and that there is a substitution of the concept of “subsystem for preventing computer attacks” by the concept of “control and technical measures”. It is substantiated that for the implementation of the functions of preventing computer attacks, there is a technological backlog in the form of a ready-made technology based on the technology for building SIEM systems. It is shown that there is a need to refine the scientific and methodological apparatus for implementing computer warning functions based on artificial intelligence methods and big data technologies.Contribution: Kotenko I.V. - analysis of the functionality of the subsystem for preventing computer attacks, setting the task and proposals for developing the functionality of the subsystem for preventing computer attacks on critical information infrastructure objects; Saenko I.B. - analysis of the subsystem for preventing computer attacks in the general context of the theory of information security, substantiation of the implementation of the functions of preventing computer attacks based on the technology of building SIEM systems and big data; Zakharchenko R.I. - analysis of technical solutions that ensure the implementation of the subsystem for preventing computer attacks, Velichko D.V. - an approach to detecting computer attacks at the stages of reconnaissance by an attacker of objects of critical information infrastructure. All authors participated in the writing of the article.
Keywords: cybersecurity, computer attack, information and telecommunication systems and networks,
information and technical impact, systems for detecting, preventing and eliminating the consequences of computer
attacks.

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Purpose of the research: to develop methods for assessing information security risks under uncertainty, to describe the mechanism of propagating belief and plausibility in the attack graph.Research method: application of soft computing techniques, including the combination of Dempster-Shafer evidence theory, integration with respect to non-additive measures of belief and plausibility.Research result: risk assessment methods and methods for assessing expected losses have been developed in the case when risk factors are characterized by high uncertainty and do not allow sufficiently justified applying objective (probabilistic) assessment methods. The initial information is the upper and lower estimates of the probability of risk realization. Using the methods of the Dempster-Shafer evidence theory, belief and plausibility measures are built on the attack graph. An approach is described that allows building belief and plausibility measures in the space of attack scenarios based on probabilistic estimates of typical information security events. It is shown how the expected damage (severity) can be estimated by the expectation of damage with respect to to these measures using the Choquet integral. Scientific novelty: a method of propagation belief along the attack graph has been developed. The method is based on an original approach to evaluating logical combinations of evidence given on binary frames and represented by disjunctive normal forms.
Keywords: risk, belief measure, plausibility measure, Choquet integral, evidence theory. 

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The goal of article is determine the main areas for development, composition and structure of prospective methodological support for the organization and maintenance of technical protection of information in information systems.The method of research: is summary and analysis the existing methodological support for organization and maintenance of the technical protection of information from unauthorized access and its development trends in the interests of the conversion from qualitative to quantitative procedures of substantiation requirements and selection process to build information security system in information systems. The result of the research: The factors defining the need to develop methodological support for the organization and maintenance of technical protection of information have been identified, including subject area extension of information protection, the need to move to quantitative research methods, algorithms and procedures for assessment the possibilities of implementing information security threats, the need to justify the requirements for technical protection of information and select protection measures and means. Data volume has increased dramatically and processes of information gathering and analysis are impossible without the use of corresponding special software tools and complexes. The composition and structure of prospective methodological support have been developed, including using modern methods of artificial intelligence theory (machine learning, artificial neural networks (ANNs)), the apparatus of composite Petri-Markov nets, risk theory, etc., for the tasks of categorizing the information systems and the information processed in them, identifying information security threats and vulnerabilities, as well as threat risk assessment considering time factor. It was noted that the introduction of such support into practice is impossible without the creation of software systems that automate categorization processes, quantitative risk assessments of implementing threats and building information protection systems. Scientific novelty: a systematic idea of the composition, structure and prospects of development methodological support has been identified for the organization and maintenance of technical protection of information to solve problems of categorizing the information systems and the information processed in them, forecasting, assessment the possibilities and consequences of implementing information security threats. Author contributions: Soloviev S.V. - assessment of the status and research of the prospects of development methodological support for the categorization the information system and the information processed in them; Tarelkin M.A. - study of methods of threats forecasting for information security and their prospective applications in the management of the Data Bank of information security threats of FSTEC of Russia; V.V. Tekunov - ways to build a promising system for threat forecasting to information security based on the monitoring publications results about them on the Internet; Yazov Yu.K. - general guidance, assessment of the states and prospects of development methodological support for risk assessment of implementing information security threats.
Keywords: algorithm, probability, protection task, categorization, methodology, model, assessment the possibilities of implementing information security threats, information security threats, damage, risk, forecasting.

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The article analyses contemporary legal aspects and current cybersecurity issues, cybercrime features of Russian and foreign law of information and communication technologies. The research methods consist of comparative legal analysis of contemporary Russian and foreign legislation and law enforcement practice, as well as, a formal and logical study of a conceptual apparatus, content and structure of the research object. The study results enable the authors to formulate the awareness of cybercrime legal content, that includes not only offenses committed by using computer technology, but other information and communication equipment and tools, including software either. The rapid spread of cybercrime, the emergence of new forms of organized crime using the global Internet, intended and well-organized cyber attacks on a critical infrastructure of states and private companies indicate the formation of a special area of crime - cybersecurity crime and information technology, which goes beyond a common insight of crime of information technology and communications. Therefore, the authors came to certain conclusions to conceptualize theoretical and methodological principles, develop the foundations of law and order of cybersecurity, clarify the conceptual apparatus and specifics of legal regulation of cybersecurity in public and private law, as well as the formation of a new line of criminology of cybercrime. The scientific novelty of the study consists of a conceptual justification of a cybercrime countering, as an element of national cybersecurity, as well as, the substantiation of a specific line of criminology - cybercriminology.
Keywords: cybercrime, information security, cyberspace security, cyber attacks, foreign cyber law, information
law, cybercriminology, digital law, personal data, private law, cybersecurity.

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The purpose of the study:. search for a technique for constructing and analyzing a graph of interacting objects in the network of Telegram channels, including the calculation of psycholinguistic characteristics of texts. This technique makes it possible to classify groups of channels and evaluate their informational impact on users.Method:. U , M , R -model is used to build a weighted graph during data import. Next, on the resulting graph,the Galaxies method is applied to reveal implicit intersecting communities. Psycholinguistic factors are calculated on the imported combined texts of communities to assess the channels thematic focus.
Results:. the article presents a methodology for working with a network of Telegram channels in order to identify groups of channels that carry out information impact on users. A full cycle of actions is presented, starting from data import, using a model for constructing a graph of interacting objects for such networks, and ending with the calculation of psycholinguistic characteristics of texts for groups of channels. At the same time, the issue of the most effective selection of implicit communities in networks of Telegram channels is highlighted. An example of a network and a constructed weighted graph with markers calculated on texts, which are the most indicative for identifying the channels focus, is presented. The presented approach, by highlighting significant differences in the corresponding markers, makes it possible to identify channels that most actively carry out informational impact on users. The combination of an algorithmic approach and the use of psycholinguistic research represent the scientific novelty of this method. The results obtained make it possible, using the methods of computational linguistics in combination with the communities reveal methods, to evaluate different participants in such networks.
Keywords:  Telegram, analysis of social networks, model of information impact, graph of interacting objects, community detection, psycholinguistic analysis of texts.

1. Popov V.A., Chepovskiy A.A. Modeli importa dannykh iz messendzhera Telegram // Vestnik Novosibirskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Seriya: Informacionnye tekhnologii. 2022. Т.20, №2. S. 60-71. (in Russian).
2. Popov V.A., Chepovskiy A.A. Vydelenie neyavnykh peresekayushchikhsya soobshchestv na grafe vzaimodejstviya Telegram-kanalov s pomoshchyu «Metoda Galaktik» // Trudy ISA RAN. 2022. Т.72. №4. S. 39-50. (in Russian).
3. Voronin А.N., Kovaleva J.B., Chepovskiy A.A. Vzaimosvyaz setevykh kharakteristik i subektnosti setevykh soobshchestv v socialnoj seti Twitter // Voprosy kiberbezopasnosti [Cybersecurity issues]. 2020. Т. 37. № 3. S. 40-57. DOI:10.21681/2311-3456-2020-03-40-57 (in Russian).
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[Cybersecurity issues]. 2019. № 4(32). S. 88-93. DOI: 10.21681/2311-3456-2019-4-88-93. (in Russian).
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The purpose of the work is to analyze the features of the application of the integrated metagrammar approach of hierarchy analysis to solve the problem of structural-parametric synthesis of information security systems of automated control systems of low-power nuclear power plants.Research method: in order to achieve the goal of the work, the metagrammar approach of hierarchy analysis was used, which is an integration of the metagrammar approach and the Saati hierarchy analysis method.The result of the research: the metagrammar approach of hierarchy analysis is presented in the paper, the features of its application to solve the problem of structural-parametric synthesis of information security systems of automated control systems of low-power nuclear power plants are considered in detail.The scientific novelty lies in the development and analysis of the scientific and applied features of a new integrated metagrammar approach to hierarchy analysis, which allows the synthesis of complex structured information security systems in conditions of partial uncertainty.
Keywords: information security, information security systems, Saati method, structural-parametric synthesis, low power nuclear power plant.

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Purpose of the work consists in the analysis of approaches to the representation of the integrity of the seman- tics of knowledge of the information need of the target object of influence and the development of a logical-linguis- tic method for the formation of “paper” bullets based on phrase-structural grammar. Research method: the mechanism of the formation of «paper» bullets in the form of semantic-syntactic constructions and a set of required semantic conclusions (inferences, the basis for the formation of a model of social behavior of the «defeated») of the target object of influence in the form of logical-linguistic models are illustrated. Research results: the technology of presenting logical-linguistic models (semantic-syntactic constructions) of «paper» bullets can be used in the development of the foundations of information weapons (information and reconnaissance strike systems) for selective impact on an object and a guaranteed change in its information needs in the interests of covert formation the required model of social behavior (the model of social behavior of the «vanquished»). Scientific novelty: representation of the integrity of the meaning of the required information needs in the form of semantic-syntactic constructions based on logic - the law of maintaining the integrity of the object. 
Keywords: information warfare, the law of object integrity preservation, logical-linguistic model.

1. Burlov V.G., Vasil’ev M.N., Grachev M.I. Kapicyn S.Ju. Model’ upravlenija v social’nyh i jekonomicheskih sistemah s uchetom vozdejstvija na informacionnye processy v obshhestve // T-Comm: Telekommunikacii i transport. 2020. Tom 14. №5. S. 46 – 55.
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Keywords: quantum security threat, cryptographic attacks, quantum cryptanalysis, quantum algorithms Shor, Grover and Simon algorithms, quantum Fourier transform, factorization, and discrete logarithm problems.

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