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The possibility of building covert channels in an information system entails a potential leak of secured information. There are many methods of countering covert channels, but not all of them are applicable in practice. The purpose of the investigation is to develop counteraction tools to prevent information leakage via storage and timing covert channels by traffic normalization. The authors investigate storage and timing covert channels and suggest algorithms for full and partial traffic normalization to counteract these covert channels. Using the methods of information theory, probability theory, differential and integral calculus, and data on the distribution of the lengths of inter-packet intervals of network traffic packets, formulas are derived to estimate the effective capacity of a communication channel in conditions of countering covert channels and the residual capacity of a covert channel. When the traffic is fully normalized in memory, storage covert channel based on changing the length of transmitted packets is completely destroyed due to the fact that all packets become the same length. With partial normalization of traffic, storage covert channel, based on changing the lengths of transmitted packets, is not completely destroyed, therefore, a binary storage covert channel remains, estimates of the capacity of which show the inexpediency of using partial normalization of timing covert channel and indicate the need for its full normalization. If full normalization of packet lengths has been carried out, and the residual capacity of the covert channel is still large, it is possible to additionally normalize traffic in time. The paper proposes a method of counteraction in which timing covert channel is completely destroyed. Quantitative values of the effective capacity of the communication channel and the residual capacity of the covert channel when using IPv4 and IPv6 protocols are calculated, which can be useful when applying traffic normalization methods in practice. 
Keywords: information security, information leakage, counteraction tool, network covert channel, storage covert channel, timing covert channel, traffic normalization, partial normalization нормализация, channel capacity.

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The article proposes a set of cryptographic protocols for privacy-preserving machine learning (PPML) system based on graph neural networks with an attention mechanism. The classification of artificial neural networks underlying deep learning is given. The main tasks of ensuring privacy that arise during the training and inference of machine learning models based on artificial neural networks are highlighted. The main cryptographic primitives underlying secure multiparty computations are described, namely secret sharing schemes, an oblivious transfer protocol. It is provided a brief description of the methodology for proving the security of cryptographic protocols, including protocols for secure multi-party computations, known as universal composability (UC-security). The main and auxiliary protocols underlying the PPML system are described and analyzed: the correlated oblivious transfer, as well as protocols for private matrix multiplication, private ReLU and LeakyReLU functions computation, and the proof of their security is provided. The rest of the protocols used in the PPML system are listed in the article with a brief description of their input and output data. The security of the PPML system as a whole is proved based on the universal composability paradigm.
Keywords: cryptography, information security, confidential machine learning, secure multi-party computing, graph neural networks with an attention mechanism, secret sharing schemes, transmission protocol with forgetting.

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A promising direction in solving information security problems is the use of stochastic methods, the main result of which is the introduction of unpredictability into the operation of a computer system and network security tools. The purpose of this work is to substantiate the possibility of effective use of 64-bit stochastic data transformation algorithms, which have proven themselves well in the past. The method to achieve the goal is to use the Cube architecture. Results obtained: a 3D algorithm for nonlinear data transformation is presented, oriented towards implementation using heterogeneous supercomputer technologies. Testing the algorithm in pseudorandom number generation mode showed its statistical safety. 
Keywords: pseudorandom number generator, stochastic transformation, unpredictability, stochastic methods of information security. 

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Purpose of the work: development of methods and algorithms for spectrogram inversion: determination of the waveform of a signal using the previously known data of its amplitude spectral sweeps in the absence of phase information - for real-time generation of audio signals with specified frequency-temporal properties with their subsequent application in speech information protection systems. Research methods: applied system analysis, digital spectral-temporal analysis, digital signal and image processing, image analysis of sonograms. Research results: methods and algorithms of synthesis of sound and speech signals by a priori given spectrogram, realized within the framework of the concept of image analysis-synthesis, working in real time and providing good qualitative estimates of the phase of peak values of spectral slices in one fully deterministic pass, are proposed. They can be used alone or in obtaining initial phase estimates to improve the results of iterative algorithms like Griffin-Lim et al. The estimates of positions and phase of spectral peaks obtained from the processed spectrogram images are determined more accurately using quadratic interpolation, and the recalculation of the phase increment by time steps is performed in a specially introduced phase accumulator, without requiring the calculation of arctangents. Scientific novelty: а new method of spectrogram inversion based on dissection-dissection of the original spectrogram image is proposed to obtain more accurate spectral descriptions of the audio signal synthesized from it, better corresponding to the original than known iterative methods of spectral inversion. Practical value: a computationally efficient real-time algorithm for single-pass spectrogram inversion has been developed. The obtained results will allow to expand the capabilities of existing systems of speech information protection and to design more effective ones on the basis of the described approaches.
Keywords: information security, spectrogram inversion, image analysis, protection against unauthorized access, speechlike signal, sinusoidal speech model. 

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 The article considers the fundamentals of the methodology for ensuring the security of objects using modern information technologies (Objects), based on the concepts, principles and methods of systems engineering. Within the framework of systems engineering, the process, system and management approaches to ensuring the security of Objects were developed, based on the developed process models of the Object as a part of the Organization, the Object itself and its security ensuring systems (SES). In the work, four groups of processes are substantiated among the processes of ensuring the security of the Object - this is ensuring of information security, resilience, information and psychological security of personnel and physical protection of the Object, taking into account the need to ensure the secure state of the main assets of the Object and the formulation of separate goals of ensuring the security of the Object. In each of these groups, within the framework of the development of the process approach, a part of the processes were identified, the implementation of which is aimed at achieving the required secure state of the assets of the Object, and a part of management processes for the processes from the first part, which should ensure the necessary effectiveness at the stages of their planning, implementation, control and improvement. At the same time, the adaptive nature of the management of such processes is shown. Taking into account the identified groups of processes, a structure of systems included in the Object's SES and a structure of the system of its support processes (dynamic and static representation of the SES respectively), as well as a structure of the Object's integrated SES were proposed. The usage of systems engineering in the Object's security ensuring allowed us to substantiate the direction of training professionals in the field of Object's security ensuring on a single methodological basis, defining their qualifications (systems engineer) and a possible list of specialties included in this direction. The usage of systems engineering in solving Object's security ensuring problems allowed us to implement a systemic (integrated) approach necessary for conducting research, designing, implementing and developing SESs for specific Objectss. The solutions proposed are generalized and do not contradict the currently existing approach related to ensuring information security.
Keywords: methodology, concept, principles, method, model, process, system, asset, management, information security, resilience, information and psychological security, physical security. 

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9. Blanchard B. S., Fabrycky W. J. Systems Engineering and Analysis. – Prentice Hall, 2006.
10. Niv G. Prostranstvo doktora Deminga. M.: Alpina Niznes Buks, 2007
11. Hitchins D. What are the General Principles Applicable to Systems? – INCOSE INSIGHT. – V. 12, Issue 4. – December 2009.– pp. 59–64).
12. Boehm B. et al. Principles for Successful Systems Engineering. – Procedia Computer Science – № 8, 2012. – pp. 297–302. 
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Purpose of the research: analysis of methods and algorithms of technical closure of speech information in networks and systems of voice communication, evaluation of directions and prospects of development of speech masking technologies with machine learning. Research methods: applied systems analysis, digital spectral-time analysis, digital signal and image processing, image analysis of spectrograms, machine learning Research results: the problems of ensuring the security of confidential voice communication in modern conditions are outlined. The review of speech protection methods used in practice in public voice communication channels is given. Traditional and perspective algorithms of masking of speech messages, methods of their realization are considered. The advantages of the latter over the ones are noted. Science significance: New methods of technical speech masking based on modification and reconstruction of dynamic spectrogram images using artificial intelligence are proposed Practical: effective speech masking algorithms are proposed. The obtained results will allow to expand the possibilities of existing solutions for protection of speech information in voice communication systems and networks and to design more effective ones based on the described approaches.
Keywords: methodology, concept, principles, method, model, process, system, asset, management, information security, resilience, information and psychological security, physical security.

1. Tolstoy, Alexandr I. Obespechenie bezopasnosti ob’ektov v informatcionnoi sferi. Bezopasnost informacionnih tehnologiy, v. 31, no 3,
p. 105–123, 2024. ISSN 2074-7136. URL: https://bit.spels.ru/index.php/bit/article/view/1677. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.26583/bit.2024.3.05.
2. Tolstoy, Alexandr I. Sistematika poniytii v oblasti informacionnoy bezopasnosti. Bezopasnost informacionnih tehnologiy, [S.l.], v. 30, no. 1, p. 130–148, 2023. ISSN 2074-7136. URL: https://bit.spels.ru/index.php/bit/article/view/1478. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/ 10.26583/bit.2023.1.10.
3. Obespechenie informacionnoi bezopasnosti biznesa / V. V. Andrianov, S. L. Zefirov, V. B. Golovanov, N. A. Golduev.- M.: Alpina Паблишерз, 2011. – 373 p.
4. Kravchenko S. I. Bezopasnost sociotehnicheskih system// NBI tehnologii. 2018. v. 12. № 2, p. 20–24. DOI: https://doi.org/10.15688/NBIT.jvolsu.2018.2.3
5. Korganova O. G., Panfilova I. E. Model upravleniya informatsionnymi riskami sotsiotekhnicheskoi sistemy na osnove povedencheskikh osobennostei cheloveka [Model of information risk management of a sociotechnical system based on human behavioral features]. Sbornik nauchnykh trudov Novosibirskogo gosudarstvennogo tekhnicheskogo universiteta = Transaction of scientific papers of the Novosibirsk state technical university, 2020, no. 1–2 (97), pp. 89–98. DOI: 10.17212/2307-6879-2020-1-2-89-98.
6. Batovrin V. K., Goldberg F. N., Aleksandrov P. S., Maler E. A. Sistemnaia inhzeneria / Gumanitarnii portal: Koncepti [Elektrronnii resurs] // Centr gumanitarnih tehnologii, 2002–2023 (posledniy redakciya 20.08/2024). URL: https://gtmarket.ru/concepts/7110.
7. Gorohov V. G, Metodologicheskiy analiz sistemotehniki. – Radio i sviyz, 1982. 162 p.
8. Nikolaev V. I., Bruk V. M. Sistemotehnika: metodi i prilozheniy. – L.: Mashinostroenie, 1985.– 199 p.
9. Blanchard B. S., Fabrycky W. J. Systems Engineering and Analysis. – Prentice Hall, 2006.
10. Niv G. Prostranstvo doktora Deminga. M.: Alpina Niznes Buks, 2007
11. Hitchins D. What are the General Principles Applicable to Systems? – INCOSE INSIGHT. – V. 12, Issue 4. – December 2009.– pp. 59–64).
12. Boehm B. et al. Principles for Successful Systems Engineering. – Procedia Computer Science – № 8, 2012. – pp. 297–302.
13. Audit informacionnoy bezopasnosti / A. P.Kurilo, S. L. Zefirov, V. B. Golovanov i dr. – M.: Izdatelskaya gruppa «BDC-press», 2006.– 304 p.

Purpose of the work: development of methods and algorithms for spectrogram inversion: determination of the waveform of a signal using the previously known data of its amplitude spectral sweeps in the absence of phase information - for real-time generation of audio signals with specified frequency-temporal properties with their subsequent application in speech information protection systems. Research methods: applied system analysis, digital spectral-temporal analysis, digital signal and image processing, image analysis of sonograms. Research results: methods and algorithms of synthesis of sound and speech signals by a priori given spectrogram, realized within the framework of the concept of image analysis-synthesis, working in real time and providing good qualitative estimates of the phase of peak values of spectral slices in one fully deterministic pass, are proposed. They can be used alone or in obtaining initial phase estimates to improve the results of iterative algorithms like Griffin-Lim et al. The estimates of positions and phase of spectral peaks obtained from the processed spectrogram images are determined more accurately using quadratic interpolation, and the recalculation of the phase increment by time steps is performed in a specially introduced phase accumulator, without requiring the calculation of arctangents. Scientific novelty: а new method of spectrogram inversion based on dissection-dissection of the original spectrogram image is proposed to obtain more accurate spectral descriptions of the audio signal synthesized from it, better corresponding to the original than known iterative methods of spectral inversion. Practical value: a computationally efficient real-time algorithm for single-pass spectrogram inversion has been developed. The obtained results will allow to expand the capabilities of existing systems of speech information protection and to design more effective ones on the basis of the described approaches.
Keywords: information security, speech information protection, image analysis-synthesis, technical speech closure,
speech-like signal, machine learning. 

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Purpose of work: development of a methodical approach to comparative analysis of static source code security analysers applicable to the certification of information protection tools by the criteria of performance, applicability, functionality and convenience, as well as its demonstration on examples. Research method: analysis of normative and methodical documents on conducting static analysis and on evaluating static analysers of software source code in order to form a method of their comparison and selection. Obtained result: the results of analysis and synthesis of the system of quality indicators of proprietary code safety analyzers and opensource code analyzers are given, as well as the results of their comparison on real products, which allows to form the necessary tool base for certification tests of software information protection means on information safety requirements and certification of safe software development processes. Scientific novelty: normative documents in the field of static code analysis are analysed in relation to the solution of the task of analysis and selection of several static security analysers, selection criteria are given, test products are chosen and an experiment is carried out which demonstrated different efficiency of code security analysers during certification. Authors' contribution: Markov A. S. - development of methodical approach, editing, Varenitsa V. V. - development of test bench architecture, Antipov I. S., Arustamyan S. S., Magakelova N. S. - conducting the experiment.
Keywords: software security, secure software resources, software security analysis, vulnerabilities, undeclared capabilities, backdoors, certification testing toolkit.

1. Markov A. S., Cirlov V. L., Barabanov A. V. Metody ocenki nesootvetstviya sredstv zashchity informacii. M.: Radio i svyaz', 2012. 192 з.
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3. Static Analysis Technologies Evaluation Criteria v1.0./Ed. by Sherif Koussa; Russian translation by Alec Shcherbakov and Alexey Markov, Web Application Security Consortium, 2013. – Rezhim dostupa: http://projects.webappsec.org/w/page/71979863/Static%20Analysis%20Technologies%20Evaluation %20Criteria %20-%20Russian/.
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Nowadays one of the most common weaknesses of software written in the C and C++ programming languages is incorrect memory handling. It can lead to unauthorized access to information, executing arbitrary code, and other negative consequences. The purpose of this work is increasing the protection of programs from attacks using memory safety weaknesses by implementing a protected system environment using hardware memory integrity monitoring technology.
Methods. A comparative analysis and selection of hardware and software memory integrity monitoring technology, as well as software technologies supporting the selected hardware platform, are performed. A methodology for creating system environments for Secure computing mode is proposed, taking into account the features of this technology. The methodology takes into account the need to compile the source code of the program to support Secure computing mode compilation option, as well as the possible existence of incompatible constructions.
Results. Based on the proposed methodology, a basic Secure computing mode protected system environment has been developed. During the development of the system environment in C language open source packages, constructions corresponding to memory security threats were identified and corrected. Practical significance. The proposed methodology can be used for further development of protected system environments based on the Secure computing mode while using software technologies other than those presented in the article. The developed system environment allows preventing the exploitation of memory safety weaknesses in the software included in it, without reducing functionality for the user. 
Keywords: Elbrus hardware and software platform, Secure computing mode, ARM MTE, CHERI, C language, memory
tagging.

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The purpose of the study is to study the possibility and necessity of using a terminological description of the security of information technologies and systems. Research methods: dialectical and polyparadigm approaches, system analysis, synthesis of solutions. The results obtained can be useful to information security specialists in the creation and improvement of the internal (local) regulatory framework, as well as in the creation of educational and methodological materials in the field of educational services in the field of information security. The results obtained can also be recommended to potential authors of scientific publications in the aspect of dialectical presentation of their scientific achievements. Scientific novelty: the author pays attention to the discussion of the cybernetic essence of the phenomenon under consideration, which from a pragmatic point of view has a relatively general nature and determines a more general interpretation of various concepts with the prefix cyber-..., in particular, the relationship between the terms information security and cybersecurity. Practical value: from a practical point of view, this study is considered as a solution to a particular problem within the framework of the general problem of improving the training of personnel for internal affairs bodies.
Keywords:  laws of dialectics, information security, cybernetics, cybersecurity, critical information infrastructure, metasubjectivity, paradigm, conceptual apparatus, terminology.

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The appearance of this article is a consequence of the rapid development of means and technologies of information warfare in recent years, its practical transformation into the main form of military-force confrontation in the 21st century. In this regard, the task of developing conceptual and methodological approaches to the formation of an integrated information security system that takes into account the fundamentally interdisciplinary nature of this type of activity and the need to make decisions in conditions of incompleteness and unreliability of initial information is becoming particularly acute. From this point of view, the article proposes to consider information security as a set of processes of information protection and protection against information, which leads to new approaches to the development of relevant regulatory and methodological documents and rationalization of schemes and structures for managing integrated protection at the object, regional and state levels.
Keywords: information war, information security, information protection, protection from information, integrated
information security, culture of information security.

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